نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، ایران
2 دانشیار مدیریت منابع انسانی ، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی
3 دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی واحد کرج
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Critical realism is proposed as a philosophical framework for understanding complex organizational and managerial phenomena, but the lack of a practical methodology has hindered its widespread acceptance. This text presents an innovative four-stage, 15-step methodology grounded in the principles of critical realism, such as stratified ontology, abductive and retroductive reasoning, and causal mechanisms. This methodology begins with identifying the research problem and formulating explanatory questions, followed by developing a conceptual framework and selecting a research design. Data collection and analysis are guided by abductive and retroductive reasoning, where researchers move from observed events to hypothesizing about underlying mechanisms. The methodology emphasizes situating findings within historical, cultural, and institutional contexts and employs theoretical and empirical pluralism to establish the validity of mechanisms. Methodological reflexivity ensures that researchers remain aware of their assumptions and biases. This methodology provides a clear pathway for applying critical realism in organizational and management studies, offering a valuable tool for uncovering the mechanisms shaping organizational behavior and designing effective practical interventions.
کلیدواژهها [English]
منابع
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