A Foresight Model for Developing Generation Z Competencies in Human Resources at the Ministry of Science

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Public Administration, Ra.C., Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran

2 Department of Management, BaA.C., Islamic Azad University, BandarAnzali, Iran

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to develop a comprehensive foresight model aimed at enhancing the competencies of Generation Z within the human resources system of the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology. With the emergence of Generation Z in the workforce, government organizations face new challenges in aligning strategic human capital development with the expectations, values, and capabilities of this generation. The research intends to identify and structure the essential competencies required for effective performance in future public service roles, enabling more adaptive and future-oriented human resource strategies.Methods: This study employed a mixed-methods approach consisting of both qualitative and quantitative phases. In the qualitative phase, the statistical population included senior managers, consultants, and policy experts within the Ministry of Science, selected through purposive and snowball sampling techniques to target individuals with deep knowledge and experience in human capital development and foresight planning. The sample size was determined based on the principle of theoretical saturation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using inductive content analysis with open and axial coding to extract key themes and constructs.

In the quantitative phase, the statistical population included all managers, faculty members, and administrative staff at the central administration of the Ministry. A sample of 384 participants was selected using Cochran’s formula.Quantitative data were collected through a structured questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and inferential statistical techniques to validate the model and examine the relationships among identified variables.Results: The findings of the study resulted in the identification of six core competencies critical to developing Generation Z human resources: innovation and creativity, communication skills, technological proficiency, cultural awareness, emotional intelligence, and continuous learning. These competencies reflect both the evolving demands of public sector work and the unique characteristics of Generation Z employees, who are digital natives, socially conscious, and value-driven.the validated model offers an integrated framework that links foresight principles with competency-based human resource development tailored to generational attributes.Conclusions: The foresight model developed in this study provides strategic insight into the future development of human capital within the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology. By anticipating the professional needs and behavioral tendencies of Generation Z, the model equips policymakers and HR professionals with actionable guidelines for designing educational, training,

References

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Governance and Development
Volume 6, Issue 2
August 2026
Pages 155-131

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