الگوی حکمرانی در محیط‌های متلاطم(یک مطالعه فراترکیب)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. رایانامه: jpourkarimi@ut.ac.ir

2 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت آموزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دکتری برنامه‌ریزی توسعه آموزش عالی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، زنجان، ایران. رایانامه: mousavi@cfu.ac.ir

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر با هدف ارائه الگوی حکمرانی در محیط‌های متلاطم صورت گرفته‌است. این مطالعه با رویکرد کیفی و روش فراترکیب انجام شده است. بدین منظور، روش هشت مرحله‌‌‌ای هوون (2013) اتخاذ گردیده‌است. براین اساس، کلیه اسناد علمی منتشرشده در ده سال اخیر، به تعداد 535 سند علمی که در 7 پایگاه خارجی و 2 پایگاه داخلی یافت شدند مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند، این پایگاه‌ها شامل: گوگل اسکالر، اشپرینگر؛ امرالد؛ ساینس دایرکت؛ پاب‌مد؛ سیج؛ ایرانداک و نورمگز می‌باشند. درنهایت، 27 سند علمی پس از واکاوی عناوین، روش پژوهش و یافته‌ها، گزینش و تحلیل شد. تحلیل یافته‏ها با روش تحلیل تم انجام گرفته و به منظور کنترل کیفیت پژوهش از بازخوردهای خبرگان در گام‌های پژوهش استفاده شده‌است. علاوه بر این، از ابزار برنامه مهارت‌های ارزیابی حیاتی (CASP)، به منظور کنترل کیفیت اسناد علمی برگزیده جهت تجزیه‎وتحلیل و همچنین تامین کیفیت یافته‌های مطالعه حاضر استفاده گردید. براساس یافته‌ها، الگوی حکمرانی در محیط‌های متلاطم، 62 مضمون اولیه و 13 مضمون ثانویه شامل هم‌افزایی و مشارکت، پویایی و انطباق‌پذیری، ارتباطات و تعاملات، دانش‌محوری، نظارت و کنترل، راهبرد اقتضایی، انسجام و یکپارچگی، شفافیت، قانون‌محوری، مسئولیت‌پذیری و پاسخگویی، عدالت‌محوری، سرمایه اجتماعی، ظرفیت‌سازی شناسایی گردید که مضامین اصلی الزامات کارکردی، الزامات مدیریتی، الزامات قانونی، الزامات اخلاقی و الزامات توسعه‌ای را تشکیل می‌دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Governance model in turbulent environments (A meta-Synthesis study)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Javad Pourkarimi 1
  • Mahsa Azizi 2
  • seyed Hosein Mousavi 3
1 Associate Professor, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Ph.D. student in educational management, faculty of psychology and educational sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 PhD in Planning Higher Education Development, Farhangian University, Zanjan, Iran. E-mail: mousavi@cfu.ac.ir
چکیده [English]

The present study has been conducted with the aim of providing a governance model in turbulent environments. This study was carried out with a qualitative approach and a meta-synthesis method. To this end, the eight-step method of Hoon (2013) has been adopted. Accordingly, all scientific documents published in the last ten years, total of 535 scientific documents found in 7 foreign databases and 2 domestic databases, were analyzed. These databases include Google Scholar, Springer; Emerald; Science Direct; PubMed; Sage; Irandoc, and Noormags. Ultimately, 27 scientific documents were selected and analyzed after examining the titles, research methods, and findings. The analysis of the findings was conducted using thematic analysis, and to ensure the quality of the research, feedback from experts was utilized at various research stages. Additionally, the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) tool was used to control the quality of the selected scientific documents for analysis, as well as to ensure the quality of the findings of the present study. Based on the findings, the governance model in turbulent environments identified 62 primary themes and 13 secondary themes, including synergy and participation, dynamism and adaptability, communication and interactions, knowledge-centricity, supervision and control, contingent strategy, cohesion and integration, transparency, law-orientation, and responsibility and accountability, justice-orientation, social capital, and capacity building, which constitute the main themes of functional requirements, managerial requirements, legal requirements, ethical requirements, and developmental requirements.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Governance
  • Turbulent environment
  • Meta-synthesis

مراجع

  1.  

    1- اربابی اصفهانی، محمد و اربابی اصفهانی، مریم. (1402). به سمت یک مدل پویا از تاب‌آوری سازمانی. حکمرانی و توسعه، 3(1)، 71-98.

    2- براتلو، فاطمه. (1402). شناخت چارچوب مفهومی حکمرانی سازمانی با استفاده از روش فراترکیب. حکمرانی و توسعه، 3(1)، 121-144.

    3- پاینده، عمادالدین؛ مجدی زاده، زهرا؛ میرزاپور، حسین. (1399). در جستجوی بدیلی برای سیاست قرنطینه کامل: حکمرانی داده محور در مواجهه موثر با کوید-19. سیاست‌نامه علم و فناوری، 10(2)، 59-73.

    4- پورکریمی، جواد و عزیزی، مهسا. (1404). استراتژی‌های سازمانی در محیط‌های متلاطم (یک مطالعه فراترکیب). مدیریت بازرگانی، 17(2)، 454-480.

    5- تاج بخش، غلامرضا؛ شیرعلی، اسماعیل و حسینی، محمدرضا. (1399). آسیب‌شناسی داده بنیاد حکمرانی پاندمی کرونا در ایران. فصلنامه علمی راهبرد، 29(4)، 97-129.

    6- توحیدیان، علی؛ حسنوی، رضا و جعفری زاد، علیرضا. (1401). الگوی مدیریت بحران مبتنی بر اندیشه حکمرانی امام علی (ع) (مطالعه موردی: ویروس کرونا). مطالعات مدیریت بحران، 14(2)، 121-151.

    7- حسنی‌فر، عبدالرحمن. (1400). کرونا از بحران تا مسئله ؛ با تاکید بر حوزه حکمرانی. سیاست کاربردی، 3(1)، 51-65.

    8- خنیفر، حسین و مسلمی، ناهید. (1401). اصول و مبانی روش‌های پژوهش کیفی. جلد اول. تهران: نشر نگاه دانش.

    9- سلیمی، فضه؛ پارساپور، محمدباقر و نیکخواه فرخانی، زهرا. (1401). مؤلفه‎های حکمرانی مطلوب در دوران کرونا با نگاهی به مصوبات ستاد ملی مبارزه با کرونا ( با تأکید بر بعد حقوقی و مدیریتی). اخلاق و تاریخ پزشکی ایران، ۱۵(۱)، ۱۸۵-۲۰۵.

    10- سهیلی، بهزاد؛ بابایی، مهدی و خدایاری، عباس. (1399). حکمرانی مشارکتی مدیریت بحران ویروس کرونا در کسب و کارهای کوچک و متوسط ورزشی. مطالعات مدیریت رفتار سازمانی در ورزش، 7(4)، 11-25.

    11- شمسینی غیاثوند، حسن و یوسفی ثابت، حسین. (1398). قدرت نرم، کرونا و حکمرانی خوب؛ با تاکید بر شفافیت در ایران، فصلنامه علمی مطالعات قدرت نرم، 9(2)، 235-263.

    12- محمودی، عمر. (1402). تدوین چشم‌انداز سازمان‌های دولتی با رویکرد نهادی. حکمرانی و توسعه، 3(2)، 89-116.

    13- سهرابی، شهلا؛ سلیمی، غلامرضا و حبیبی، میثم. (1403). الگوی حکمرانی هوشمند در وضعیت بحران با تاکید بر مدیریت شهری در راستای سیاست های کلی نظام جمهوری اسلامی ایران، نشریه سیاست‌های راهبردی و کلان، 12(46)، 234-262.

    1. Abdelzadeh, A., & Sedelius, T. (2024). Building trust in times of crisis: A panel study of the influence of satisfaction with COVID‐19 communication and management. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 32(1), 1-12.
    2. Agbodzakey, J. (2024). Collaborative Governance and Crisis Management: A Focus on COVID-19. In: Collaborative Governance Primer. SpringerBriefs in Political Science. Springer, Cham.
    3. Agu, J. C., Nkwo, F. N., & Eneiga, R. U. (2024). Governance and anti-corruption measures in Nigeria: Strategies for enhancing transparency, accountability and public trust. International Journal of Economics and Public Policy, 8(1), 1-15.
    4. Al Balushi, M.(2021). How internal transparency impacts organizational resilience, International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 38(5), 1246-1263. [21].
    5. Albu, O. B., & Flyverbom, M. (2019). Organizational Transparency: Conceptualizations, Conditions, and Consequences. Business & Society, 58(2), 268-297.
    6. Ali, A. J., & Al-Aali, A. (2016). Human capital and crisis management. Journal of Transnational Management, 21(4), 200–216.
    7. Alqooti, A. A. (2020). Public Governance in the Public Sector: Literature review. International Journal of Business Ethics and Governance, 3(3), 14-25.
    8. Anessi-Pessina, E., Barbera, C., Langella, C., Manes-Rossi, F., Sancino, A., Sicilia, M., & Steccolini, I. (2020). Reconsidering public budgeting after the COVID-19 outbreak: key lessons and future challenges. Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management, 32(5), 957-965.
    9. Ansell, C., & Trondal, J. (2018). Governing Turbulence: An Organizational- Institutional Agenda. Perspectives on Public Management and Governance, 1(1), 43–57. [1].
    10. Ansell, C., Sørensen, E., & Torfing, J. (2023). Public administration and politics meet turbulence: The search for robust governance responses. Public Administration, 101(1), 3-22. [14].
    11. Ansell, C., Sørensen, E., Torfing, J., & Trondal, J. (2024). Robust governance in turbulent times. (One Ed.) Cambridge University Press. Elements in Public Policy.
    12. Ansell, C.K; Trondal, J; Øgård, M. (2017). Governance in Turbulent Times. Oxford University Press: United Kingdom.
    13. Arbabi Isfahani, M., & Arbabi Isfahani, M. (2023). Towards a Dynamic Model of Organizational Resilience. Governance and Development Journal, 3(1), 71-98. [In Persian].
    14. Arici, T; Gok, MS. (2023). Examining Environmental Turbulence Intensity: A Strategic Agility and Innovativeness Approach on Firm Performance in Environmental Turbulence Situations. Sustainability; 15(6), 5364.
    15. Arif, I., & Dutta, N. (2024). Legitimacy of government and governance. Journal of Institutional Economics, 20(14), 1-23.
    16. Azalia, J. C. L., & Stein, W. C. (2017). Strategic Planning and Scenario Planning in Public Institutions: The Case Study of Pacific Alliance. FIIB Business Review, 6(3), 26-37. [25].
    17. Azzahra, Adelia, Septien DWI Savandha, and Makinde Grace Olubisi. (2024). Effective Strategies for Corporate Governance and Risk Management in the Public Sector: Preventing Corruption and Abuse of Authority. Asian Journal of Engineering, Social and Health3(4), 911-919.
    18. Baratlo, F. (2023). Understanding the Conseptual Framework of the Organizational Governance Using Meta Synthesis Method. Governance and Development Journal, 3(1), 121-144. [In Persian].
    19. Barbier, Lance & Tengeh, Robertson. (2022). Enhancing Public Service Delivery in a VUCA Environment in South Africa: A Literature Review. RUDN Journal of Public Administration. 9(4), 418-437.
    20. Behnke, N. (2024). Coping with Turbulence and Safeguarding Against Authoritarianism: Polycentric Governance as a Resilience Resource. Politics and Governance, 12, Article 8596. (In Progress).
    21. Bengono, I.B. (2022). Governance and Organisational Flexibility at the Junction of African MFIs’ Sustainability Issues. Glob J Flex Syst Manag23(3), 39–50
    22. Bhardwaj, R., & Srivastava, S. (2024). Dynamic capabilities of social enterprises: A qualitative meta-synthesis and future agenda. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 15(2), 400-428.
    23. Birkmann, J., Garschagen, M., & Setiadi, N. (2014). New challenges for adaptive urban governance in highly dynamic environments: Revisiting planning systems and tools for adaptive and strategic planning. Urban Climate, 7(3), 115-133. [20].
    24. Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101.
    25. Broadhurst, K., & Gray, N. (2022). Understanding resilient places: Multi-level governance in times of crisis. Local Economy, 37(1-2), 84-103. [19].
    26. Carrington, W., DeBuse, J., & Lee, H. (2008). The theory of governance and accountability. University of Iowa Center for International Finance and Development.
    27. Cifuentes‐Faura, J. (2024). Government transparency and corruption in a turbulent setting: The case of foreign aid to Ukraine. Governance, 37(2), 659-670.
    28. Commission on Global Governance (Ed.). (1995). our global neighborhood, 2–3. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    29. Covarrubias Moreno, O. M. (2021). Coordinated governance in the vuca scenario. Hrvatska i komparativna javna uprava: časopis za teoriju i praksu javne uprave, 21(3), 393-422. [2].
    30. Cowton, C. J (2011). Putting Creditors in Their Rightful Place: Corporate Governance and Business. Journal of Business Ethics, 102(1), 21-32
    31. Criado, J. I., & Guevara-Gómez, A. (2021). Public sector, open innovation, and collaborative governance in lockdown times. A research of Spanish cases during the COVID-19 crisis. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 15(4), 612-626. [27].
    32. Danevska, B. A., (2021). Application of scenario planning in turbulent environment: Case of financial companies in RNM. Trends in Economics, Finance, and Management Journal, 3(1), 25-34.
    33. De Búrca, Gráinne, (2021). 'Introduction', Reframing Human Rights in a Turbulent Era, Collected Courses of the Academy of European Law (Oxford, 2021; online edn, Oxford Academic, 17 June 2021). [26].
    34. Du Boys, C. & Bertolucci, M. (2021). Gouvernance multi-niveaux de la crise de la Covid-19 en France, quels échecs ET réussites? Gestion et management public, 9(4), 49-55. [16].
    35. Eilstrup‐Sangiovanni, M., & Hofmann, S. C. (2024). Accountability in densely institutionalized governance spaces. Global Policy, 15(1), 103-113.
    36. Elbanna, Said & Andrews, Rhys & Pollanen, Raili. (2016). Strategic Planning and Implementation Success in Public Service Organizations: Evidence from Canada. Public Management Review. 18(7), 1017-1042.
    37. Filgueiras, F., Palotti, P., & Testa, G. G. (2023). Complexing Governance Styles: Connecting Politics and Policy in Governance Theories. Sage Open, 13(1), 1-19.
    38. Foster, L., Wiewiora, A. & Donnet, T. (2024). Integrating Knowledge Management and Governance for Innovation Outcomes: A New Framework for Managing Innovation in a Project Environment. J Knowl Econ15(2), 7143–7170.
    39. Gulati, K., Gupta, S., & Gupta, C. P. (2020). The transformation of governance system: A decade long experience of corporate governance using meta-analysis. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 21(1/2), 233-262.
    40. Hanisch, M., Goldsby, C. M., Fabian, N. E., & Oehmichen, J. (2023). Digital governance: A conceptual framework and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 162, Article 113777, 1-13.
    41. Hasan, A., & Paracha, N. F. (2024). Social Capital and Community Resilience in Times of Crisis: Navigating the Intersection of Connection and Catastrophe. Al-Anfal, 2(1), 1-7.
    42. Hassanifar, A. (2022). Corona from crisis to problem; with emphasis on governance. Applied Politics, 3(1), 51-65. [In Persian]. [8].
    43. Hilmersson, M., Sandberg, S.and Pourmand Hilmersson, F.(2015), "Political knowledge, political turbulence and uncertainty in the internationalization process of SMEs", European Business Review, 27(3), 234-252. [24].
    44. Hirschhorn, F. (2021). A multi-level governance response to the Covid-19 crisis in public transport. Transport Policy, 112, 13-21.
    45. Hoon, Christina. (2013). Meta-Synthesis of Qualitative Case Studies: An Approach to Theory Building. Organizational Research Methods, 16(4), 522–556.
    46. Huberts, L. (2014). Governance and Integrity. In: The Integrity of Governance. IIAS Series: Governance and Public Management. Palgrave Macmillan, London.
    47. Hyland-Wood, B., Gardner, J., Leask, J. K. H. Ecker, Ullrich. (2021). toward effective government communication strategies in the era of COVID-19. Humanit Soc Sci Commun,8(30), 1-11.
    48. Janssen, M; van der Voo, H. (2016). Adaptive governance: Towards a stable, accountable and responsive government, Government Information Quarterly, 33(1), 1-5.
    49. Jimenez-sanchez, F. (2023). Crisis and Corruption in Spain: Improving the Quality of Governance to Fight Corruption. Siyasal: Journal of Political Sciences, 32(1), 1-14.
    50. Jordaan, B. (2019). Leading organisations in turbulent times: Towards a different mental model. Leading in a VUCA World, 38(4), 59.
    51. Jovanović, P., Stojković-Zlatanović, S., & Čudanov, M. (2023). Insights into health sector governance in a turbulent environment–towards best-practice approach. Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo/Serbian Archives of Medicine, 151(9/10), 613-619. [22].
    52. Justin, P. L., & Koteswari, M. B (2018). Business Ethics vs. Workplace Ethics in VUCA times. ISBR Management Journal, 3(1), 61-71.
    53. Kalogiannidis, Stavros & Kalfas, Dimitrios & Chatzitheodoridis, Fotis & Lekkas, Efthymios. (2023). Role of Governance in Developing Disaster Resiliency and Its Impact on Economic Sustainability. J. Risk Financial Manag, 16(3), 1-22.
    54. Keping, Y. (2018). Governance and Good Governance: A New Framework for Political Analysis. Fudan J. Hum. Soc. Sci. 11, 1–8.
    55. Khanifar, H: Moslemi, N. (2022). Qualitative research methods. Volume 1. Tehran: Neghah Danesh. [In Persian].
    56. Kjaer, P. F., & Vetterlein, A. (2018). Regulatory governance: rules, resistance and responsibility. Contemporary Politics, 24(5), 497–506.
    57. Kuhlmann, S., Franzke, J., Peters, N., & Dumas, B. P. (2024). Institutional designs and dynamics of crisis governance at the local level: European governments facing the polycrisis. Policy Design and Practice, 1–21. [17].
    58. Lachal, J., Revah-Levy, A., Orri, M., & Moro, M. R. (2017). Meta-synthesis: An Original Method to Synthesize Qualitative Literature in Psychiatry. Frontiers in psychiatry, 8, Article 269, 1-9.
    59. Lash, R. (2012). The collaboration imperative. Ivey Bus J, January/February. Available http:// iveybusinessjournal.com/publication/the-collaboration-imperative/. Accessed Feb 2017
    60. Mahmoudi, O. (2023). Formulating the Perspective of Governmental Organizations with an Institutional Approach. Governance and Development Journal, 3(2), 89-116. [In Persian].
    61. McMullin, C., & Raggo, P. (2020). Leadership and Governance in Times of Crisis: A Balancing Act for Nonprofit Boards. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 49(6), 1182-1190. [15].
    62. Morsut, Claudia, Christian Kuran, Bjørn Ivar Kruke, Tor-Olav Nævestad, Kati Orru, and Sten Hansson. (2022). A Critical Appraisal of Individual Social Capital in Crisis Response. Risks Hazards Crisis Public Policy,13(2), 176–199. 
    63. Najaf, K., Chin, A., Fook, A.L.W. et al. (2024). Fintech and corporate governance: at times of financial crisis. Electron Commer Res, 24(1), 605–628.
    64. Ngatikoh, S., Kumorotomo, W., & Retnandari, N. D. (2020, March). Transparency in government: a review on the failures of corruption prevention in Indonesia. In Annual Conference of Indonesian Association for Public Administration (IAPA 2019)(pp. 181-200). Atlantis Press.
    65. Pareek, Urvashi & Sole, Nagendra. (2020). Governance: Concept, Meaning and Dimensions.
    66. Payande, I., Majdizade, Z., & Mirza pour, H. (2020). In Search of an Alternative to "Strict Lockdown"; Data-driven Policies in the Face of COVID-19 Pandemic. Science and Technology Policy Letters, 10(2), 59-73. [In Persian]. [10].
    67. Peters, B.G. (2021). Governing in a time of global crises: the good, the bad, and the merely normal. GPPG, 1(4), 4–19. [7].
    68. Pimenowa, O., Pimenov, S., Fyliuk, H., Sitnicki, M. W., Kolosha, V., & Kurinskyi, D. (2023). Sustainable Business Model of Modern Enterprises in Conditions of Uncertainty and Turbulence. Sustainability, 15(3), 2654. [23].
    69. Pourkarimi, J. and Azizi, M. (2025). Organizational Strategies in Turbulent Environments: A Meta-Synthesis Study. Journal of Business Management, 17(2), 454-480. [In Persian].

    70 Rosenau, J. N. (1990). Turbulence in world politics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press.

    1. Rosenau, J. N. (1997). Along the domestic-foreign frontier. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
    2. Salimi F, Parsapour M B, Nikkhah Farkhani Z. (2022). Components of Good Governance in the Corona Era by Looking at the Approvals of the National Anti-Corona Headquarters (with Emphasis on the Legal and Managerial Dimension). IJMEHM; 15(1), 185-205. [In Persian]. [9].
    3. Salvador M, Sancho D. (2023). Local Governments Facing Turbulence: Robust Governance and Institutional Capacities. Social Sciences, 12(8), 1-17.
    4. Sandelowski, M. and Barros, J. (2007). Handbook for Synthesizing Qualitative Research. Springer Publishing Company Inc.
    5. Scognamiglio, F., Sancino, A., Caló, F., Jacklin-Jarvis, C., & Rees, J. (2022). The public sector and co-creation in turbulent times: A systematic literature review on robust governance in the COVID-19 emergency. Public administration, Advance online publication, 101(1), 53-70.
    6. Shamsini ghiasvand, H., & Yousefi Sabet, H. (2020). Soft power, corona and good governance; emphasizing transparency in Iran. Soft power Studies, 9(2), 235-263. [In Persian]. [13].
    7. Sobiech, Robert. (2016). Trust in government in times of economic crisis. Studia z Polityki Publicznej, 3(1), 111-126.
    8. Soheili, B., Babaei, M., & Khodayari, A. (2021). Participatory governance of Coronavirus crisis management in Small and Medium Sports Business. Organizational Behavior Management in Sport Studies, 7(4), 11-27. [In Persian].
    9. Sohrabi, S., Salimi, G., & Habibi, M. (2023). The model of smart governance in crisis conditions with an emphasis on urban management in line with the general policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Quarterly Journal of the Macro and Strategic Policies, 12(46), [In Persian].
    10. Taj Bakhsh, G., Shirali, E., & Hosseini, M. (2020). Pathology of the Corona Pandemic Governance in Iran (A Grounded Theory). Strategy, 29(4), 97-129. [12]. [In Persian]. [12].
    11. Towhidian, A; Hosnavi, R; Jafarizad, A.(2022). The Crisis Management Model Based on Imam Ali's (AS) Governance Thought (A Case Study: Corona Virus), Journal of Crisis and Emergency Management, 14(45), 121–151. [In Persian]. [11].
    12. Utama, D. B., & Paing, R. R. (2022). Collaborative Governance in Combating Covid-19 in the Vuca Era in Cilacap Regency. Iapa Proceedings Conference, 261-277.
    13. Van Assche, K., Valentinov, V., & Verschraegen, G. (2022). Adaptive governance: learning from what organizations do and managing the role they play. Kybernetes, 51(5), 1738-1758.
    14. Van Vught, F., & De Boer, H. (2015). Governance models and policy instruments. In the Palgrave international handbook of higher education policy and governance (38-56). London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.
    15. Veronica Junjan. (2020). Democratic governance in turbulent times, Asia Pacific Journal of Public Administration, 42(1), 15-16. [3].
    16. Volberda, H.W., & Van Bruggen, G.H. (1997). Environmental turbulence: A Look into its dimensionality. NOBO-onderzoekdag, 137-145.
    17. Wadesango, N., Charity, M., Blessing, M., & Haufiku, H. (2020). The effects of corporate governance on financial performance of commercial banks in a turbulent economic environment. Acta Universitatis Danubius. Œconomica, 16(4), 164-191.
    18. Weiss, T. G., & Wilkinson, R. (2014). Rethinking global governance, Complexity, authority, power, change. International Studies Quarterly, 58(1), 207-215. [6].
    19. Wiersema, M., & Koo, H. (2022). Corporate governance in today’s world: Looking back and an agenda for the future. Strategic Organization, 20(4), 786-796. [4].
    20. Zattoni, A., & Pugliese, A. (2021). Corporate governance research in the wake of a systemic crisis: lessons and opportunities from the COVID‐19 pandemic. Journal of Management Studies, 58(5), 1405-1410. [18].
    21. Zelli, F & Gerrits, L & Möller, I. (2021). Global Governance in Complex Times: Exploring New Concepts and Theories on Institutional Complexity. Complexity, Governance & Networks. 6(1), 1-12. [5].
حکمرانی و توسعه
دوره 5، شماره 4
دی 1404
صفحه 187-216

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار